How Long Are You In Marsoc For

graphene, the great insight Geim and Novoselov

The year 2010 has just ended and while everyone is scrambling to remember the events that occurred beautiful and less beautiful in Italy and around the world, we want to bring readers' attention to a very important other than those who have told newspapers and TV, but certainly interesting.

computer model of a layer of graphene (Source: La Repubblica)

What we are going to tell the story of the beginning of a revolution, scientific, but always revolution. It all starts with the synthesis of a material so innovative, but at the same time so simple and versatile and already everyone is talking about, as the scientific revolution of the twenty-first century (a few centuries now because everyone has the XXI no? ed.) To strengthen these considerations, we thought, in Sweden, members of the Academy of Sciences, assigning to Andre Geim and Novoselov Konstanin Nobel Prize in Physics for 2010 synthesized in the laboratory for the first time this material.

What we are talking about is the graphene, a material consisting solely of a single layer of carbon atoms. E 'was obtained for the first time in 2007, dealing graphite with a mixture of Sulphur - nitric, exfoliated and subsequently oxidized to obtain graphene with circles of alkyl groups at the edges. Further treatment with thionyl chloride, the alkyl groups has transformed first into acid chlorides and then in amides. The circle is thus obtained graphene risultatosolubile in tetrahydrofuran, tetrachloromethane and dichloroethane.

layer, "monatomic", is characterized by Carboni sp2 hybridized (the suffix-ene to chemicals should tell us something, ed), arranged to form regular hexagons, so that damage to equipment, very particular characteristics, we'll see shortly.

fact, before I would like to take a moment to lovers of fussiness, quoting the definition of IUPAC graphene " A single layer of carbon atoms arranged according to the structure of graphite can be considered as the final element of the series of naphthalene, anthracene, coronene etc.. graphene and the word must be used to indicate the layers within each of the compounds of carbon graphite. The term "layer of graphene" is commonly used in the terminology of the carbon. "

Other computer model of graphene (Source: Wikipedia)

As promised, we see the main features of this new material.

The first and most amazing, in my view, is the fact that it exists. Monoatomic layer gives rise to a material almost two - dimensional, which could create more than a few doubts, but that is justified by the fact that the oscillations of the continuous material and imperfections caused by the presence of cells within the pentagonal and heptagonal of the structure, causing curvature, giving rise to the third dimension.

The very fact that these materials are monatomic and that the existence and number of imperfections can be controlled or disclose The second main feature, that is, I like to call it, the "geometric flexibility." Let me explain. The presence of pentagonal and heptagonal cells, causes the bends, which can be controlled so that the graphene take different forms and is used in different ways. To be more precise, we can say that a "sheet of graphene can be bent by the controlled insertion of non-hexagonal cells, to obtain a nanotube, which can even be applied to a spherical cap, of the same material - think of a leather soccer ball, whose roof elements are hexagonal and pentagonal -. Obviously not all

Here, in fact among the future uses of this extraordinary material, there is one computer. Graphene is now considered the natural heir of silicon, the material widely used in the manufacture of semiconductors and electronic components, due to its outstanding conductivity, so it's already built a transistor that is capable of supporting frequencies of 100 GHz, while the "old" models could support up to 40 GHz

Other uses of graphene is that in medicine, where we hope to be able to use it as a material part of prostheses to solve small problems in areas of the body difficult to reach, but also ensuring absolute compatibility with every patient.

Finally, I am pleased to recall that the theoretical existence of graphene is not new, indeed they were sixty years that the best scientific research centers were on his trail. Only the use of human and economic resources in a continuous manner has led to the breakthrough discovery of Novoselov and Geim, members of the laboratories of the University of Manchester, aided by the resources of the Institute of Scientific Research Max Planck Institute in Germany.

All This should serve as an example to all those involved in administering the Research and University in Italy, but especially who had the courage to say that the culture can not eat, which I feel compelled to say that, even with the culture you do not eat, but with financial bubbles and the cuts are foolish kills people!

Ali

5 Days To Period Tired White Discharge.

An Interview with Hans Kunnen, WTC 3 Survivor, WTC Second Plane

by Hammer. Italian translation is available here .

Every account of the survivors of 9/11 has something that makes it unique and worthy of being reported, and there is no better way to preserve that memory than reading the words of someone who experienced directly such an epochal event. For this reason, the Undicisettembre group is publishing an interview granted by one of those survivors, who has an especially touching story to tell: Hans Kunnen.

Mr Kunnen (quoted here with his permission) is an Australian citizen who on 9/11 was in the US on business and found himself stranded in a foreign land with few personal items and with no way to get home for several days.

His story also provides further refutation (if any is needed) of the wild conspiracy theories related to 9/11. In particular, as an eyewitness to the impact of United Airlines flight 175 against the South Tower of the World Trade Center, Kunnen's account fully dispels the so-called “no plane” theories.

We'd like to thank Hans Kunnen for his kindness and willingness to share his harrowing experience.

Undicisettembre: What do you remember, generally speaking, about that day? Can you give us a brief account of your experience?

Hans Kunnen: It was a very normal New York day, with fine weather and blue sky. It was the last day of a NABE [National Association for Business Economics, Nabe.com ] conference I was attending. I was in the WTC Marriott hotel at a breakfast meeting, listening to a speaker from Morgan Stanley. When the first plane hit we heard a distant thud, like an explosion. Lights, chandeliers and tables shook. People started screaming, left all their belongings and ran for the exit. I remained seated, since there appeared to be no immediate danger. My mind was not on a terrorist attack because I had forgotten about the attack on the WTC in the 1990s.

Within a minute or two, there were only three of us left in the room. We wandered out to see what had happened. People were coming in from the Plaza to escape falling debris and – apparently – burning jet fuel. I tried to go upstairs to my room to get my suitcases so I would be in a position to fly out in the afternoon. I was not allowed to go upstairs. We were told to exit the hotel at the far end – through the Tall Ships Bar and Grill – in order to avoid debris.

Standing at the door I saw cars on fire and rubble in the street. The air was filled with burning paper. I left the hotel and ran across and along Liberty Street towards what is now Pumphouse Park on Liberty Street. There was a walkway between the two buildings and that’s where I first stopped to look back. As I looked upwards I saw the smoke billowing from Tower 1.

As I stood there wondering what had happened, I saw a low-flying plane over the New York ‘harbour area’. It accelerated and banked before slamming into the south tower. The noise was extreme, the sound of an airplane accelerating. Orange flame, black smoke, blue sky, screams of terror, tears, confusion.

At that moment it became apparent to me that it was no accident and that it was time to leave in case there were more coming.

I decided to head for the Staten Island ferry. My plan was to go to Staten Island, knock on the door of a church and ask for help and shelter. So I meandered with a feeling of purpose, dread and anxiety the 1 km or so to the ferry terminal. While waiting inside the ferry terminal there was a very loud noise. The building shook, people screamed, there was the sound of ongoing explosions, like the sound of a broadside from a World War II battleship. It was the sound of the floors of the South Tower collapsing upon each other. There was screaming and fear within the crowd of several thousand in and around the ferry terminal. I thought I would die.

At roughly the same time the gates to the ferry slid open and people made their way onto the ferry. There was no panic but people did move briskly onto the ferry. As we boarded the ferry the cloud of yellow grey dust billowed over us. We had to breathe through handkerchiefs and shirt tails. As we took our seats or stood, the cloud of dust from Tower 2 swept over us. This created some fear and anxiety among those around us; I, too, put my shirt tails to my mouth. People were putting on life jackets as the ferry was still stationary at the wharf.

I offered my seat to a lady, but she declined. The same lady then tried to put on a life jacket and knocked off her earring. I picked it up and gave it back to her. We got talking. She had seen my name tag from the conference – Hans Kunnen, Sydney, Australia – and asked where I was going. I told her of my plan to seek refuge at a church and she offered to put me up with her family. The lady was Leslie Castelucci DeFreitas. Leslie had a work colleague with her and offered to assist the young man sitting next to me.

After about 20 minutes the ferry departed and after a few hundred meters it cleared the cloud of dust that had enshrouded the ferry terminal and much of the harbour. At the other end we alighted and caught the train to Dongan Hills and then walked to Leslie’s home in Cromwell Street. At Leslie’s home we tried to contact my wife in Sydney, but the lines were not working. After about 4 hours we got through, much to Suzanne’s relief – she had seen the second plane hit the towers on TV and knew I was directly underneath. It was a very bad time for her. Friends came round to sit and pray with her.


Undicisettembre: After 9/11, you had to stay one more week in New York before being able to get back to Australia. What happened to you in those days and how were the city and its citizens in the days after the tragedy?

Hans Kunnen: Good question! I was on Staten Island for the first three days and in a hotel in mid-town for the last four days (Hilton Hotel).

Leslie and Rod put me up. They fed and clothed me and tried to keep activity as ‘normal’ as possible. We visted parks with their young son John, we ate out at a diner – very USA – the King's Arms in a park on Staten Island. I visited Rod’s work – he’s a plumber.

The weather was warm and we sat around talking about our families, our hopes and our dreams. I did notice a rise in US nationalism. Some of the younger people on the street were talking about signing up for the armed forces. Others just had hopes of going to college and getting jobs in the future. When I first arrived in Cromwell Street, where Leslie and Rod lived there were maybe 5 US flags showing per 10 houses. By the time I left there were 15 to 20 flags displayed per ten houses. Flags were going up everywhere. All over construction sites, in Manhattan, at Times Square – just everywhere.

The police were very jumpy. As I was on a bus heading for New York City from Staten Island, we ran into a traffic jam. The driver told us to get off the bus as there was a problem. Apparently a terrorist had just run a road block and was heading into Staten Island. As a result all the bridges onto and off the Island were closed until further notice. Hence the traffic jam. I was with a friend of Leslie and we walked to find a phone and organise a lift home. As we walked a car sped towards us, and a police car and a police helicopter. They all stopped 30 m from where we were standing. The police pulled the driver out of the car, drew their guns, forced the male driver onto the bonnet of his car and searched him. It was straight out of a cop show. The helicopter made a terrible racket flying just overhead and spitting up dust. I thought we might get hit by a spray of gunfire so we crouched down behind a large Chevy. It was all an innocent mistake. The guy didn’t realise it was a road block, they let him go. He looked like a construction worker on a lunch break!

Later that day I did catch a bus and train into Grand Central. As the train doors pulled open a policeman with a megaphone told me there was a bomb scare and myself and several thousand other people needed to make our way upstairs and outside. There was no bomb, but better safe than sorry. An hour later that same bomb scare reached the Australian High Commission and the alarms were set off once again – as I sat immediately underneath it while filling in a form.

We agreed that it was a good idea to move closer to the Australian High Commission [pictured right] which was in mid-town, so that I could organise a new passport, airline tickets, buy clothes and so on. Leslie was exceedingly competent at getting me a room at the Hilton Hotel and finding the various contact numbers. I moved to the Hilton Hotel on Thursday.

Prior to the NABE economics conference I was attending, I had purchased several ties at the Metropolitan Museum of Art. They had American craft motifs on them. I thought they were nice. They were packed in my suitcase ready for the next stage of my journey. When the South Tower collapsed, my hotel was crushed along with my belongings. I was determined to replace what was lost – and with my boss’s permission set about buying one or two things – including shirts from Jos A Bank! I purchased my ties from the ‘Met’ – now version II – and still wear them proudly – though they are suffering a little from wear and tear.

One habit I have is to buy a coffee mug at places I visit (it drives my wife nuts – we have too many mugs in our kitchen!). I had purchased one after going to the top of the Empire State building on my first Saturday in New York. Having been to the Met to buy my ties, I went to the Empire State Building. By now the security to get in the building was extreme. I placed my bag of shopping on the conveyor belt and moved into the shop, totally forgetting about my bag. When I noticed it was missing I simply could not cope. I sat on the floor in the shop at the Empire State Building and started crying! I eventually composed myself after a few people had asked if I was OK. I eventually realised what I had done and somewhat embarrassed, found my bag at the security check in. I was on edge and very fragile. I had not been sleeping well and missed the comfort and conversation of Leslie, Rod, their family and friends. In some respects it was a mistake to have moved away from them and into the hotel – but it did seem like a good idea at the time.

I bought some new clothes at shops that seemed fairly deserted. Few people seemed to be in the mid-town area.

A good thing did happen. After refusing to pay 200 dollars for a leather belt, I moved a few blocks away from 5th Avenue and came across a JoS A. Banks men’s clothing store. They make the best, easiest to iron white business shirts on the planet. I later bought some online from Australia!

Having moved into the Hilton hotel in mid-town, I had time to kill. There were no flights leaving the US at this stage. There had been appeals on TV for blood donations, so on Friday, having picked up my new passport, I headed for the nearest blood donation centre, which turned out to be the auditorium of the Martin Luther King Jr high school on the Upper West Side of Manhattan. The collection and interviews were done on the stage using what looked like brought-in emergency equipment. This was not a regular blood donation centre. What struck me most was the quiet determination of the people who turned up to give blood. It was heavily dominated by women in their 30s who just seemed to want to help. Joggers, soccer mums, gym girls. They all wanted to play their part – and they did. I was impressed.

The process was similar to donating blood in Australia. You wait your turn, you fill out forms, you answer questions, they test your blood pressure and a few other things and then you donate several hundred mls of blood. Afterwards you rest as you munch on donated muesli bars and drink orange or berry juice.

During the donation process it was mentioned that blood donors could gain free entry to the famous and fabulous Frick Collection of artworks on East 70th Street. I had no idea at the time what it held but it was worth a look. It was really good! There were works by Constable, Gainsborough, Holbein, Rembrandt and many others. It was a feast for the eyes in a tranquil setting. The horrors of the past few days were drowned in a sea of colour and culture. The mood at the collection was restrained and reflective. Few spoke. We looked and pondered. I bought a few postcards as mementos and moved on. I had a treasured memory.

Close to the hotel was a shop that caught my eye as I wandered the streets. It was called the American Craftsman. Excuse me if I’m sounding gushing in my praise, but the works there were outstanding. There were pictures, carvings, sculptures, furniture and glasswork. I was looking for something to take home to the kids and some wonderfully crafted ‘boxes’ caught my eye. On the lids were carved words. I bought three. One said Kindness, another said Courage and the third said Hope. In a way they reflected a message I wanted my kids to grasp after the turmoil of September 11. Nothing expensive, nothing flash, a simple box with a word on the lid! They still have them on their desks or beside their beds.

I walked in Central Park. It felt like a crime to laugh. People were playing games with kids but it was very sombre. It was a sad place to be. We wanted to be normal but were all still in shock and mourning.

Having purchased a disposable camera I wandered the streets. From time to time I came across fire stations. It was from these places that men had rushed to the towers to put out fires and rescue the trapped. Many stations had lost men. There were floral tributes along the pavements outside. There were also pictures of people who were lost, with phone numbers written beneath them so that you could contact someone if you had seen them.

Let me be fair. The Hilton Hotel is a very good hotel. Its room are top notch, the service was excellent and the TV had 43 channels. The problem was me. Upon reflection I was still somewhat stressed by what had just happened. Part of me wanted to talk and interact, yet another part of me wanted to sit alone in my room. The TV was mournful. TV shows had banners running across the bottom with missing person queries. I don’t recall any comedy shows at all. I wanted to laugh but I’m not sure anything could have made me laugh in those days.

The room had a Gideon’s Bible in it, which was a great comfort. I remember reflecting on Psalm 25, having heard George Bush quote Psalm 23 in his speech to the nation. I wanted to read what was beyond Psalm 23 – after passing through the valley of the shadow of death, what was next? Psalm 25 gave me that answer. Verses 15-17 read: “My eyes are ever on the LORD, for only he will release my feet from the snare. Turn to me and be gracious to me, for I am lonely and afflicted. Relieve the troubles of my heart and free me from my anguish”. Words like snare, lonely, afflicted, troubles and anguish were part of my life and the life of New York at that time.

I booked a large people mover from the hotel to go to the airport. It seated about 8 people and their luggage. I had seen Leslie and Rod the day before to say goodbye to them. I had a duffle bag with a few clothes in it – not a lot to search at the airport. I swear it was the safest flight in the history of the world. We had maybe 10 soldiers check us over as we boarded the plane. They all carried guns – presumably with live ammunition. It was a great flight home.

How were the people of New York? Kind, helpful, sorrowful, determined, hurt, confused, angry, practical. They pulled together when under attack and when they saw need. I was the fortunate recipient of their kindness and generosity – for which I shall always remain grateful.


Undicisettembre: Let's go back to 9/11. After the first plane crashed into Tower 1, did you think it was a terrible accident, or did you realize immediately it had to be a terrorist attack? And what was the opinion of the people in the streets?

Hans Kunnen: I heard the word ‘plane’ mentioned while standing on the street and thought ‘Cessna’ – it did not cross my mind that it was a large plane, despite the size of the hole in the building and the amount of damage. It was an irrational thought. In the minutes after the evacuation, surrounded by people from the hotel, no-one seemed to know anything. The feeling where I stood was ‘the firemen and police will sort it out’. There were numerous sirens sounding. The notion of a terrorist attack simply did not cross my mind.


Undicisettembre: I know this is a pretty weird question, but some crazy people on the Internet say the planes that hit the Trade Center were fake. They claim the towers were hit by missiles or that bombs exploded inside and that the planes shown on TV were just holograms. Since you directly saw with your own eyes the second plane slam into the South Tower, I guess you can rule out this crazy idea once and for all, right?

Hans Kunnen: I saw the second plane approach from over the river. I thought it was a strange place to fly a plane. Maybe it was a university prank or a TV shoot for an airline advertisement. At no time did I think the plane was a fake. I’ve travelled a lot and been in and around planes for years. It was a very real plane. It made real plane noise. The sound of a plane accelerating is very loud. One of my enduring memories is the noise just before the explosion. It was a real plane; I could almost see the people behind the windows. It then melted into the building and created the fireball. To say that it was not a real plane is absurd. I saw it, I heard it, I felt the aftermath of its impact.


Undicisettembre: Can you describe what you saw and heard of that second impact? For example, did you notice the plane's United Airlines markings? Did you observe any details of its trajectory? Are there any other details that struck you?

Hans Kunnen: I was standing about 150-200 m from the South Tower in Liberty Street. I heard and saw a plane flying low over the harbour. It accelerated and banked towards the South Tower. The noise was very loud as the plane accelerated. I do not recall the markings but I will never forget the fireball, noise and smoke as it melted into the South Tower.


Undicisettembre: How did people react after the South Tower collapsed?

Hans Kunnen: I was at the Staten Island Ferry terminal by then. They were screams as the entire terminal shook. I thought it was mortars or shells or cruise missiles exploding nearby. At about the same time the gates to the ferry opened and we were allowed on. The movement was orderly but tense. I remember seeing lots of ladies' shoes being abandoned so they could walk more quickly. There were shouts of “Don’t panic. We don’t want a stampede”.


Undicisettembre: How would you describe downtown New York after the first collapse? Seeing the images on the TV, it looked like it was enshrouded in a cloud of dust and smoke, but we believe it was nothing compared to what the eyewitnesses saw directly. How do you recall the city after the first collapse?

Hans Kunnen: I was on the Staten Island Ferry. I did not see the collapse; I just heard it but didn’t know what it was for some time. On the ferry people were putting on life-vests as the cloud of dust spilled over us.


Undicisettembre: What do you think about conspiracy theories that claim 9/11 was an inside job? Most conspiracy theorists believe the Towers were intentionally demolished with explosives. Some of them even claim, as mentioned before, that no aircraft ever crashed into the towers and all the videos that show them are fake. What's your opinion?

Hans Kunnen: The conspiracies are all implausible. When two fuel laden planes hit the towers, the impact was always going to be catastrophic – and it was.


Undicisettembre: As far as you know, are these kinds of conspiracy theories popular in Australia?

Hans Kunnen: Conspiracy theories are well-known in Australia but are generally disregarded. Most people accept the view that planes flew into the towers and the sheer bulk of jet fuel created temperatures that weakened the frame and led to the collapse. When I give talks about my experience every now and then someone raises the conspiracy theories but they are only a small minority.


Undicisettembre: Have you met any conspiracy theorists and tried to debate them?

Hans Kunnen: No. They generally have asked if I believe in them and I reply “No”. I stick to what I directly experienced. Footage I have seen of the first plane suggests it was real enough to make the building shake like it did. The sight and sound of the second plane was as real as any aircraft I have ever seen or heard.


Undicisettembre: How did Australia as a country and as a people react to 9/11? I mean, being Australia one of the staunchest allies of the USA, did your people feel like they, too, had been attacked?

Hans Kunnen: When I returned to work in the city of Sydney I was flabbergasted and emotionally touched by the floral tributes outside the US Consulate [pictured right] , which was near where I worked. Martin Place was covered in flowers. It made me cry! I had seen similar floral tributes outside fire stations in New York. Offended, shocked, outraged, hurt would best describe the feelings. There was enormous sympathy for New York and its people.


Undicisettembre: We heard from other survivors that sharing their stories with other survivors helped them a lot to recover. Since you live so far away from the US, maybe you didn't get much of a chance to hold meetings with other 9/11 survivors, so how did you recover from such a shock and tragedy?

Hans Kunnen: By sharing my story with others I was able to share the burden. I give talks to people about my experience – reminding them of their mortality and their need to be prepared for death – especially in a spiritual sense. In the months after 9/11 I was constantly asked my story and was happy to share it with anyone who had plenty of time.

Even now there are parts of the story telling that make me cry. The sight of a lady being blown out of the South Tower and cartwheeling across my line of sight. The extreme kindness of Leslie DeFreitas Castelucci and her family. The clothes given to me, a stranger. The sadness of Central Park. The lack of laughter on TV. The mournful scrolling messages on TV as people sought to contact loved ones. Later on, the many funerals each week that people attended. There was such a loss of life – people who were just going about their normal peaceful business.


Undicisettembre: How did 9/11 affect your everyday life? Did you manage to get back to normalcy?

Hans Kunnen: I survived. I had a job to do, kids to raise, income to earn, clients to serve, a church to be part of. I was not confronted daily by the ongoing grief of New York. I had deadlines and responsibilities to fulfil and these brought focus and direction to daily life. They provided a positive distraction from the dark thoughts that may otherwise have overwhelmed me.

For a while I was nervous of loud noises. I was a bit on edge. I now take fire drills very seriously. I’m very reflective on days when the sky is blue, I’m surrounded by office towers and a plane flies high overhead. I then see it all over again.

Hamburg Blaupunkt Bluetooth

Eyewitness to World Trade Center, interview with a survivor Marriott Hotel (WTC 3)

di Hammer. L'originale inglese è disponibile qui .
Each
testimony of the survivors of September 11 has some details that makes it unique and worthy of being told, and feel the direct words of those who lived an epochal event is always the best way to pass on the memory. To this end, the group Undicisettembre public on this occasion the interview he has given us one of the survivors, he has to tell a story very touching.

Hans Kunnen, this is the name of the witness, quoted with his permission, is an Australian citizen on 11 September was on business in the U.S. and found himself alone in a foreign country with very few personal effects and prevented to return home for several days. Even

its history is to deny, even if it were needed, the crazy conspiracy theories about the Sept. 11, in particular, having been an eyewitness to the crash of United Airlines Flight 175 into the south tower of World Trade Center, its testimony finally clears the field from view "no plane" . Hans Kunnen

thank you for your courtesy and helpfulness.

Undicisettembre: What do you remember, in general, that day? Can you give us a brief account of your experience?

Hans Kunnen: was a normal day in New York, with fine weather and blue sky. It was the last day di una conferenza del NABE [National Association for Business Economics, Nabe.com ] che stavo seguendo. Ero nell'hotel Marriott del WTC, a una colazione di lavoro e stavamo ascoltando un relatore della Morgan Stanley. Quando il primo aereo colpì, sentimmo un rumore sordo e distante, come un'esplosione. Le luci, i lampadari e i tavoli tremarono. La gente iniziò a gridare, abbandonò i propri effetti personali e scappò verso l'uscita. Io rimasi seduto, perché non sembrava esserci pericolo imminente. Non pensai a un attacco terroristico perché mi ero dimenticato dell'attacco al World Trade Center avvenuto negli anni Novanta.

Nel giro di un paio di minuti, rimasero only three of us in the room. We went out to see what had happened. The people came through the Plaza to escape the falling rubble and - it seemed - to fuel the burning plane. I tried to get into my room to get my bags, so that I would be in a position to resume the air in the afternoon. I was not allowed to go back. We were told to leave the hotel from far side, through the Tall Ships Bar and Grill, in order to avoid the rubble. According

entrance I saw on the street cars in flames and rubble. The air was full of burning paper. I left the hotel, crossed Liberty Street and the routes to the current Pumphouse Park in Liberty Street. There was a pedestrian bridge covered between the two buildings and it was there for the first time I turned to look back. Looking up I saw the smoke coming out of Tower 1.

While I was still wondering what had happened, I saw an airplane flying low over the area of \u200b\u200bthe port of New York. Speed \u200b\u200bup and leaned sideways before crashing into the South Tower The noise was very loud, the sound of a plane accelerates. Blaze orange, black smoke, blue sky, screams of terror, tears and confusion.

At that moment I was not clear that it was an accident and it was time to leave if there were more coming.

decided to head for the ferry to Staten Island. My idea was to go to Staten Island, knock on the door of a church and ask for help and shelter. So I made my way with a sense of determination, fear and anxiety for about a mile to the terminal boarding the ferry. While waiting inside the terminal building there was a loud noise. The building shook, people screamed, there was the sound of explosions that followed, like the roar of a broadside of a battleship of World War II. It was the noise of the planes of the South Tower collapsing on one another. There were screams and fear among the crowd of several thousand people who were in the terminal and around it. I thought I would die.

Around the same time opened the gates of access to the ferry and the people climbed aboard. Not ci fu panico, ma la gente salì a passo spedito. Mentre salivamo sul battello, le volute di una nuvola di polvere grigio-giallognola arrivò sopra di noi. Fummo costretti a respirare attraverso fazzoletti e lembi delle camicie. Mentre ci sedevamo o prendevamo posto in piedi, la nuvola di polvere della Torre 2 ci avvolse. Questo creò un po' di paura e apprensione tra le persone intorno a noi e anch'io mi portai il lembo della camicia sulla bocca. La gente indossava i giubbotti di salvataggio mentre il battello era ancora fermo sul pontile.

Offrii il mio posto a sedere a una signora, ma lei declinò. La stessa donna tentò poi di infilarsi un giubbotto di salvataggio e fece cadere uno dei suoi orecchini. Glielo raccolsi e glielo restituii. Iniziammo to speak. He had noticed my name on the tag of the conference - Hans Kunnen, Sydney, Australia - and asked me where I was going. I told her about my idea to seek refuge in a church and she offered to host me at his family. Mrs. Leslie was Castelucci DeFreitas. Leslie was with a co-worker and offered help to the man who was sitting next to me.

After about 20 minutes, the boat departed and went out after a few hundred yards from the cloud of dust that had enveloped the terminal and most of the port. Once delivered, we went down and took the train to Dogan Hills, then walk up to Leslie's house in Cromwell Street. There he tried to contact my wife in Sydney, but lines were not working. After about four hours we reached it, with great relief by Suzanne: he had seen on television the second plane hitting the towers and knew I was right there underneath. It was a very hard time for her. Some friends had gone to find her to be near her and pray with her.


Undicisettembre: After September 11 you were forced to stay in New York a week before returning to Australia. What will happen in those days and they were the city and its inhabitants after the tragedy?

Hans Kunnen: Good question! I was in Staten Island for the first three days in a hotel in mid-town [the central district of Manhattan] for the last four (l'Hilton Hotel).

Leslie e Rod mi ospitarono presso di loro. Mi diedero da mangiare e da vestire e cercarono di mantenere più “normali” possibile le attività giornaliere. Visitammo alcuni parchi con il loro giovane figlio John, cenammo fuori a un diner  – molto americano! – il King's Arms, in un parco a Staten Island. Andai a trovare Rod al lavoro – è un idraulico.

Il tempo era bello e ci sedevamo in giro a parlare delle nostre famiglie, delle nostre speranze e dei nostri sogni. Notai un risveglio del nazionalismo americano. Alcuni dei giovani per strada parlavano di arruolarsi nelle forze armate. Altri semplicemente speravano di andare al college and find work in the future. When I arrived the first time in Cromwell Street, where they lived and Rod Leslie, there were maybe five flags of the United States every ten houses. When I went there were from fifteen to twenty every ten homes. Flags were erected everywhere. In each site, in Manhattan, Times Square - everywhere.

The police were very nervous. While I was on a bus to New York City from Staten Island ended up in a traffic jam. The driver told us to get off the bus because there was a problem. It seemed that a terrorist had just passed a checkpoint and was heading to Staten Island. Therefore, all the bridges to and from Staten Island were closed until further notice. This was the reason engorgement. Ero con un'amica di Leslie e ci incamminammo alla ricerca di un telefono per trovare il modo di tornare a casa. Mentre camminavamo un'automobile accelerò verso di noi seguita da un'auto e da un elicottero, entrambi della polizia. Si fermarono a 30 metri da noi. I poliziotti tirarono l'autista fuori dall'auto, estrassero le pistole, lo bloccarono contro il cofano della sua macchina e lo perquisirono. Sembrava una scena presa di peso da un poliziesco in TV. L'elicottero fece un gran baccano volando proprio sopra di noi e sollevando la polvere. Temetti che potessimo essere colpiti da una raffica di proiettili e quindi ci accucciammo dietro a una grossa Chevy. Si trattò di un innocente malinteso. L'uomo non si era accorto del posto di blocco e lo lasciarono andare. A construction worker was an eye on their lunch break!

Later that day I went to Grand Central Station by bus and train. As soon as you opened the doors of the train, a police officer with a megaphone told me there was a bomb threat and that I and many thousands of people had to climb the stairs and exit. There was no bomb, but regretted that it was better to be cautious. An hour later, the same building as the bomb reached the Australian High Commission and the alarms started ringing again - just as I was sitting just below it to fill out a form.

We agreed that it would be wise to move closer to the Australian High Commission [immagine qui accanto, N.d.R.] , che era a mid-town, così che potessi ottenere un nuovo passaporto, procurarmi dei biglietti aerei, comprarmi vestiti e così via. Leslie fu straordinaria nel reperirmi una stanza all'Hilton Hotel e nel trovare i vari numeri di contatto. Mi trasferii all'Hilton giovedì.

Prima della conferenza economica del NABE che stavo seguendo avevo comprato molte cravatte al Metropolitan Museum of Art. Tutte erano decorate con motivi dell'artigianato americano. Mi piacevano. Le avevo riposte nella mia valigia, pronte per la fase successiva del mio viaggio. Quando crollò la Torre Sud, il mio hotel ne fu schiacciato insieme ai miei effetti personali. Ero deciso a rimpiazzare ciò che era andato perduto, e con il permesso del mio capo andai a comprare un paio di cose, tra cui delle camice di JoS A Bank! Ricomprai le cravatte del ”Met” – ora in versione 2 – e le indosso tuttora con orgoglio, anche se risentono un po' dell'usura.

Ho l'abitudine di comprare tazze da caffè nei posti che visito (questo fa impazzire mia moglie – abbiamo troppe tazze in cucina!). Ne avevo comprata una dopo essere andato in cima all'Empire State Building il primo sabato che ho trascorso a New York. Dopo essere stato al Met a comprare le cravatte andai all'Empire State Building. A quel punto la sicurezza per entrare nell'edificio era esasperata. Posi sul nastro trasportatore il mio sacchetto con gli acquisti ed entrai nel store, completely forgetting the bag. When I realized that I had not, I collapsed. I sat on the floor in the shop of the Empire State Building, and began to cry! Finally I ricomoposi after some people asked me if I was okay. Eventually I realized what I had done and with some embarrassment I found my bag at the security check at the entrance. I was very tense and fragile. I did not sleep well and I missed the comfort and conversation Leslie, Rod, their family and their friends. In some ways it was a mistake to move away from them and in a hotel, but at the time had seemed a good idea.

I bought new clothes in shops that seemed almost deserted. There seemed to be few people in the area of \u200b\u200bmidtown.

One nice thing happened to me. After I refused to pay $ 200 for a leather belt, I walked away a few blocks from Fifth Avenue and ran into a chain store Jos. A. Banks men's clothing. They are the white shirts from office the most beautiful and easy to iron in the world. Later I bought more online from Australia!

Having moved to the Hilton Hotel in midtown, I had plenty of time. At that point there were no flights leaving the United States. On TV there were appeals for donations of blood, and so Friday, after picking up my new passport, I headed to the center of the nearest blood collection, which found to be the main hall of the Martin Luther King Jr. High School on the Upper West Side of Manhattan. The collection and medical interview took place on stage, using what appeared to be emergency equipment that was brought to the site. It was not a normal blood donation center. What struck me most was the quiet determination of people who presented themselves to donate blood. They were mainly women between 30 and 40 years who seemed to simply want to make themselves useful. Women who were jogging, metropolitan mothers, girls gym. All they wanted to do their part - and did. I was impressed.

The procedure was similar to donating blood in Australia. Aspects of the tuo turno, compili dei moduli, rispondi alle domande, ti verificano la pressione sanguigna e alcune altre cose e poi doni varie centinaia di millilitri di sangue. Dopo ti riposi mentre mangi una barretta di muesli che ti viene offerta e bevi succo d'arancia o di frutti di bosco.

Durante la procedura per la donazione del sangue ci fu detto che i donatori avrebbero avuto diritto a un accesso gratuito alla famosa e favolosa Frick Collection di opere d'arte sulla East 70th Street. All'epoca non avevo idea di cosa contenesse, ma pensai che meritava un'occhiata. Era davvero bella! C'erano opere di Constable, Gainsborough, Holbein, Rembrandt e molti altri. Fu una festa per gli occhi in un ambiente tranquillo. Gli orrori dei giorni precedenti si persero in a sea of \u200b\u200bcolor and culture. The atmosphere was calm and reflective at the show. Few spoke. We watched and meditated. I bought the postcard as a souvenir and I went into bringing me a memory to be treasured.

Near the hotel there was a store that caught my attention as I wandered the streets. It was called American Craftsman. Excuse me if I seem exaggerated in my praise, but their work was really outstanding. There were paintings, engravings, sculptures, furniture and glassware. I was looking for something to bring home for my children and some "boxes" of fine workmanship caught my attention. The words were engraved on the lids. I bought three. On one was written "Kindness" to another "Courage" and third "Hope". In a sense, reflected a message that I wanted my children to incorporate after the shock of September 11. Nothing expensive, nothing flashy, just a box with a word on the cover! The people still on their desks or beside the bed.

strolled through Central Park. It seemed that laughing was a crime. The people playing with the children, but it was all very sad. It was a dreary place in which to be. We wanted to be normal but we were all still in shock and mourning.

Having bought a camera uses throw-away I walked the streets. Every time I passed the fire station. It was from there that the men had rushed into the towers to turn off gli incendi e salvare chi era rimasto intrappolato. Molte stazioni avevano perso degli uomini. C'erano omaggi floreali sui marciapiedi antistanti. C'erano anche foto di persone disperse, con numeri di telefono scritti sotto, così che chi li avvistava potesse telefonare a qualcuno.

Vorrei essere sincero: l'Hilton è un bellissimo albergo. Le camere sono di altissimo livello, il servizio era eccellente e la TV aveva 43 canali. Il problema ero io. Riflettendoci, ero ancora in parte sotto stress per ciò che era appena successo. Parte di me voleva parlare e interagire, ma un'altra parte di me voleva che stessi seduto da solo nella mia camera. La TV era carica di dolore. Le trasmissioni televisive mandavano in sovrimpressione messaggi di ricerca delle persone scomparse che attraversavano lo schermo nella parte più bassa. Non ricordo assolutamente che ci fossero spettacoli di intrattenimento. Avrei voluto ridere, ma non credo che ci sarebbe stato nulla che avrebbe potuto farmi ridere in quei giorni.

Nella camera c'era una Bibbia dei Gedeoni [nota associazione evangelica che distribuisce gratuitamente Bibbie negli alberghi, N.d.R.] che fu di grande conforto. Ricordo di aver meditato sul Salmo 25, dopo aver sentito George Bush citare il Salmo 23 nel suo discorso alla nazione. Ho voluto leggere ciò che c'era dopo il Salmo 23 – dopo il passaggio per la valle dell'ombra della morte [trad. Nuova Riveduta], cosa c'era? Il Salmo 25 mi diede la risposta. I versi 15- 17 dicono “Tengo i miei occhi rivolti al Signore, perché libera dal laccio il mio piede. Volgiti a me e abbi misericordia, perché sono solo ed infelice. Allevia le angosce del mio cuore, liberami dagli affanni.” Parole come laccio, solo, infelice, angosce, affanni erano parte della mia vita, e della vita di New York, in quel momento.

Prenotai un minibus dall'albergo per andare in aeroporto. Ospitava circa otto persone e i loro bagagli. Avevo visto Leslie e Rod il giorno prima per salutarli. Avevo una sacca con pochi vestiti: poche cose da far ispezionare all'aeroporto. Posso garantire che fu il viaggio più sicuro nella storia del mondo. C'erano circa 10 soldati che ci controllarono non appena salimmo a bordo dell'aereo. Tutti avevano pistole – presumibilmente cariche. Fu un bellissimo volo verso casa.

Com'era la gente di New York? Gentile, generosa, triste, determinata, ferita, confusa, arrabbiata, pragmatica. Si rimboccò le maniche quando fu attaccata e quando ne vide il bisogno. Io fui il fortunato destinatario della loro gentilezza e generosità, per le quali sarò sempre grato.


Undicisettembre: Torniamo all'11 settembre. Dopo lo schianto del primo aereo contro la Torre 1, pensasti che si trattasse di un terribile incidente o capisti subito che doveva trattarsi di un attentato terroristico? E cosa ne pensava la gente per strada?

Hans Kunnen: Sentii pronunciare la parola “aereo” mentre ero per strada e pensai “Cessna”: non mi passò neanche per la testa che potesse trattarsi di un aereo di grandi dimensioni, nonostante la grandezza dello squarcio nell'edificio e la quantità di danni. Era un pensiero irrazionale. Nei minuti successivi all'evacuazione, mentre ero circondato dalle persone che erano uscite dall'hotel, nessuno sembrava sapere nulla. Dove mi trovavo io, la sensazione era “ci penseranno i pompieri e la polizia”. C'erano molte sirene che suonavano. L'idea di un attacco terroristico semplicemente non mi passò per la testa.


Undicisettembre: So che questa è una domanda abbastanza bizzarra, but there are crazy people on the net claiming that the planes hit the Trade Center were fake. They argue that the towers were hit by missiles or bombs that exploded in and the planes shown on television were only holograms. As you saw with your eyes the second plane hitting the South Tower, I think you can definitively refute this madness, right?

Hans Kunnen: I saw the second plane approaching the river from above. I thought it was a strange place to fly, maybe it was a joke of a university or a televised advertisement for an airline. I never thought that the plane was fake. I traveled a lot and I have to do with the planes for years. It was definitely a real plane. It was the sound of a real plane. The sound of a plane accelerates very strong. One of my most persistent memories is the sound just before the explosion. It was a real plane, I could almost see the people behind the windows. Then it penetrates the building and created a fireball. Claiming that it was not a real plane is preposterous. I saw him, I heard and felt the consequences of its impact.


Undicisettembre: Can you describe what you saw and sentisti of this second impact? For example, are unable to see the logos of United Airlines aircraft? You noticed a few details of its trajectory? There are other issues that affect you?

Hans Kunnen: Ero a circa 150-200 metri dalla Torre Sud, in Liberty Street. Sentii e vidi un aereo che volava basso sopra il porto. Accelerò e s'inclinò verso la Torre Sud. Il rumore era molto forte mentre accelerava. Non ne ricordo i marchi ma non ne dimenticherò mai la palla di fuoco, il rumore e il fumo nel momento in cui si fuse nella Torre Sud.


Undicisettembre: Come reagì la gente dopo il crollo della Torre Sud?

Hans Kunnen:  A quel punto mi trovavo già sul terminal dei battelli per Staten Island. Ci furono urla quando l'intero terminal tremò. Pensai che si trattasse di mortai o granate o  missili Cruise exploding nearby. Almost simultaneously opened the gates of the boat and we could go up. The movement was made up but there was tension. I remember seeing many women's shoes abandoned in order to walk faster. The people shouted "Stay calm, do not want them to create a stampede."


Undicisettembre: How would you describe the area downtown New York after the first collapse? On television it seemed that it was enveloped in a cloud of dust and smoke, but I think that it was nothing compared to what the witnesses saw with their eyes. How do you remember the city after the first collapse?

Hans Kunnen: I was on the boat Staten Island. I did not see the collapse, I heard him, but for a certain period of time did not know what it was. The boat people were wearing life jackets when the cloud of dust poured on us.


Undicisettembre: What do you think of conspiracy theories claiming that the 11 / 9 was an "inside job"? Most supporters of this theory asserts that the towers were intentionally demolished with explosives, and some even claim, as mentioned above, that no plane ever crashed into the towers and all the videos to prove it is fake. What is your opinion?

Hans Kunnen: None of the theories del complotto è plausibile. Quando due aerei carichi di carburante colpirono le torri, era inevitabile che l'impatto fosse catastrofico – e lo fu.


Undicisettembre: Per quanto ne sai, queste teorie del complotto sono diffuse in Australia?

Hans Kunnen: Le teorie del complotto sono note in Australia ma di solito vengono ignorate. La maggioranza delle gente accetta il fatto che degli aerei si schiantarono contro le torri e che il carico di carburante avio creò temperature tali da indebolire la struttura e portare al crollo. Quando parlo della mia esperienza, ogni tanto qualcuno solleva la questione delle toerie del complotto, ma sono solo una piccola minoranza.


Undicisettembre: sostentitore Have you ever met some of the theories of conspiracy and tried to argue?

Hans Kunnen: No. Usually they asked me if I believe and I answered "No". I stop what I experience. The filming of the first plane I've seen indicate that it was real enough to shake the building, as it did. The sight and sound of the second plane was as real as any other plane I have ever seen or heard.


Undicisettembre: How did you react Australia, as a nation and as a people, 11? I mean, Australia being one of the staunchest U.S. allies, have you felt directly affected?

Hans Kunnen: When I returned to work in the city of Sydney I was stunned and emotionally touched by the floral tributes in front of U.S. consulate [next image here, Ed], which was near where I worked . Martin Place was covered with flowers. It made me cry! I had seen similar floral tributes outside the fire stations in New York. Affected, shocked, offended, saddened are the words that best describe the feelings. There was great solidarity with New York and its inhabitants.


Undicisettembre: We heard other survivors say that sharing our stories with other survivors has been very helpful to recall. You are living so far away from the U.S., I guess you have not had the opportunity to participate in meetings with other survivors of 9 / 11. How did you do then to recover from such a shock and such a tragedy?

Hans Kunnen: told my story to others I could share the burden. I have held meetings on my experience - reminding people their own mortality and the need to be ready to die - especially in a spiritual sense. In the months following 9 / 11 I was asked continually to tell my story and I was happy to tell it to anyone who had plenty of time.

Even today, some parts of my story telling makes me cry. The vision of a woman being thrown out of the South Tower explosion and through the twists and turns in my view broken. The extreme kindness Leslie DeFreitas Castellucci and his family. The clothes they gave me, a stranger. The sadness of Central Park. The lack of laughter on television. The messages full of pain that ran on television from those who tried to contact their loved ones. Then the many funerals each week, to which people came. There had been a loss of life so great - the lives of people who were simply doing their peaceful daily activities.


Undicisettembre: On September 11, as it has changed your life? Were you able to get back to normal?

Hans Kunnen: I survived. I had a job to do, children to raise, earn a salary, to assist our customers, which form part of a church. I was not confronted daily with the lingering grief that we lived in New York. I had to meet deadlines and responsibilities and these focused and gave direction to my street everyday. They offered me a positive distraction from the dark thoughts that otherwise would have overcome me.

for a while 'time I was nervous about loud noises. I was a bit 'on edge. Now I take fire drills seriously. I am very thoughtful on days of clear sky, when they are surrounded by office towers and a plane flew over me at high altitude. Every time I see it all.

Exercise Treatment For Pectus Carinatum

The synchronized swimming

A group of Italian and French researchers noted, during an experiment, behavior of atomic nuclei never seen before, a kind of synchronized swimming of exotic particles that make up a core of poor stability. We know that a nucleus is determined by pairs neutron-neutron and proton-proton, rather exotic isotope of this nucleus that looked like presents pairs of neutron-proton

.

This is a new phase this nuclear ground state or in the first excited states of heavy nuclei unstable. Some physicists, the section of Naples and Padova, did collide nuclei of heavy atoms, when excited, to create nuclei of atoms with equal numbers of protons and neutrons, gamma rays revealing emitted by the nuclei when they return to minimum energy state, there was the basic structure of an unstable isotope of the atom of palladium, ⁹² Pd, whose nucleus contains exactly 46 protons and 46 neutrons. The motion of the nucleus of this isotope appears to be dominated by neutron-proton pairs, contrary to all atomic nuclei known so far. The neutron-proton pairs show, in fact, a "synchronized swimming" that is a pair of parallel spins different from that observed in other atoms. These particular behaviors are very different from those that occur with liquid helium (superfluidity) and the supercooled matter at about 271 ° C below zero (superconductivity).

being due to collective behavior between pairs of nucleons, these proton-neutron correlations can influence the rotational motion of the nuclei.

According Giacomo De Angelis, Head of National ' experiment, the objective of the study is to soddisfare l'esigenza di conoscere le forze nucleari fino in fondo, al fine di provare in maniera definitiva i modelli teorici. Lo sforzo dei ricercatori va nella direzione della comprensione dei processi di nucleosintesi stellari, in cui i nuclei più leggeri vengono bombardati da altre particelle, diventano più pesanti, decadono e danno origine alla maggior parte degli elementi chimici.

Angelo D'Addario